一、考查類型
“補(bǔ)全對(duì)話”通常是在某個(gè)情景交際場(chǎng)景中，補(bǔ)全對(duì)上句問(wèn)題的回答或者是補(bǔ)全下句所回答問(wèn)題的提問(wèn)。常見的考查類型有：填寫單詞補(bǔ)全對(duì)話；填寫句子補(bǔ)全對(duì)話；選單詞或短語(yǔ)補(bǔ)全對(duì)話；選句子補(bǔ)全對(duì)話。近兩年來(lái)，在設(shè)題方面，補(bǔ)全對(duì)話題的主觀性和開放性有所增強(qiáng)，各地中考越來(lái)越多地采用其中前兩種開放性的、非選擇性的主觀性試題。
�。ㄒ唬┨顚憜卧~補(bǔ)全對(duì)話
中考實(shí)例：
（2015年南寧卷）請(qǐng)根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，在下面的空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使對(duì)話完整與正確。每空一詞。
A： Wake up， Mum！ Smoke！ There is a fire in the kitchen.
B： Oh， my God！ 81 the fire station right now.
A： What should we do 82 the firemen arrive？
B： Stay calm. Wet a towel （毛巾） and 83
your mouth with it. And keep 84 of the fires.
A： OK！ Can we take a lift？
B： Of course 85 ， baby！ Come on！ This way， downstairs！
A： Look， Mum！ Here come the firemen！ Were safe now.
試題解析：
通讀全文可以了解，本段對(duì)話考查的交際項(xiàng)目是“火災(zāi)消防”。其中設(shè)空處都與“火災(zāi)中怎樣自救”有關(guān)。
81. 根據(jù)句意可知此處是祈使句。根據(jù)上句“There is a fire in the kitchen.”的語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)該是立刻打電話報(bào)警。答案為Call。
82. 此句是特殊疑問(wèn)句。句意為：在消防員到來(lái)之前我們應(yīng)該做什么？答案為before。
83. 此處用的是祈使句。句意為：保持冷靜，把毛巾弄濕，用它把嘴捂上。答案為cover。
84. 短語(yǔ)keep out of ... 意為“使不進(jìn)入，置身……之外，躲開”。答案為out。
85. 根據(jù)上文“This way， downstairs！”得知，這里指“當(dāng)然不要（乘電梯）”。答案為not。
�。ǘ┨顚懢渥友a(bǔ)全對(duì)話
中考實(shí)例：
�。�2015年長(zhǎng)沙卷）情景交際 閱讀下面的對(duì)話，根據(jù)上下文補(bǔ)全對(duì)話內(nèi)容。
A： Hey， Frank！ 71. _______________？
B： Pretty good.
A： Did you have fun last weekend？
B： 72. _______________. I went to the old peoples house with my friends and had a good time.
A： Wow！ What did you do there？
B： We helped the old clean their houses and chatted with them. How about you？
A： I just read a science magazine.
B： Oh， really？ 73. _________________？
A： Hum ... it is about the main causes of smog （霧霾） and ways to beat it.
B： Great！ But 74. __________________？
A： We can live a greener life by using cleaner energy to solve the problem， I think.
B： You do？
A： Yes， natural gas is a good choice. By the way， 75. ___________________？
B： Its 7：45 now.
A： Oh， God. Hurry up or well be late.
B： OK.
試題解析：
通讀全文可知，本段對(duì)話考查的內(nèi)容側(cè)重學(xué)習(xí)生活、時(shí)事的討論，其場(chǎng)景貼近生活實(shí)際，體現(xiàn)了中考英語(yǔ)越來(lái)越注重考查實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力的趨勢(shì)。
71. 根據(jù)下文“Pretty good！”可知，此空應(yīng)是詢問(wèn)對(duì)方最近的情況。答案為How is it going。
72. 上文是一般疑問(wèn)句，詢問(wèn)“你上個(gè)周末玩得高興嗎”，根據(jù)下文had a good time可知，此處為肯定回答。答案為Yes （， I did）。
73. 根據(jù)上文“I just read a science magazine.”和下文“... it is about the main causes of smog （霧霾）”可知，此空格提問(wèn)的內(nèi)容是“這本科學(xué)雜志是關(guān)于哪方面的”。答案為What is it about。
74. 根據(jù)答句“We can live a greener life by ...”可知，此處應(yīng)該填一個(gè)由how引導(dǎo)的詢問(wèn)方式的特殊疑問(wèn)句。答案為how can we live a greener life或how to live a greener life。
75. 根據(jù)答句“Its 7：45 now.”可知，此題是在詢問(wèn)時(shí)間，故答案為what time is it now或whats the time now。
�。ㄈ┻x擇單詞和短語(yǔ)補(bǔ)全對(duì)話
中考實(shí)例：
（2015年南京卷）根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，從下面方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語(yǔ)填空，使對(duì)話內(nèi)容完整正確。
[why hottest each other washing away
similar to ]
A： Guess what？ Im going to Chiang Mai next week.
B： Wow， sounds like fun！ But I believe that April is the 51 month of the year there.
A： Yes， thats true. But theres a water festival there from April 13th to 15th.
B： I wonder if its 52 the Water Festival of the Dai people in Yunnan Province.
A： Yes， I think so. This is the time of the Thai New Year. People go on the streets to throw water at 53 .
B： Cool！ But 54 do they do that？
A： Because the new year is a time for cleaning and 55 bad things. Then youll have good luck in the new year.
試題解析：
通讀全文，該段對(duì)話以“潑水節(jié)”為話題。題目共設(shè)有5個(gè)空格，備選詞語(yǔ)也剛好5組。只要我們能讀懂大意，做這道題不會(huì)太難。
51. 對(duì)話開頭談到“下星期我要到（泰國(guó)）清邁去”，此空前面是定冠詞the，后面的單詞month是名詞。句意為：但我相信四月是那里一年中最熱的月份。故答案為hottest。
52. 句意為：我想知道這與云南傣族的潑水節(jié)是否相似。答案為similar to，意為“與……相似”。
53. 句意為：人們走在街上互相潑水。答案為each other，意為“彼此、互相”。
54. 此句是特殊疑問(wèn)句，根據(jù)下文“Because the new year is ...”可知，答案為why。
55. and前后是并列關(guān)系，根據(jù)cleaning 可知，答案為washing away。句意為：因?yàn)樾履晔谴驋吆拖此⒌舨缓玫臇|西的時(shí)機(jī)。
�。ㄋ模┻x擇句子補(bǔ)全對(duì)話
選擇句子補(bǔ)全對(duì)話一般是7選5，即對(duì)話內(nèi)容設(shè)5個(gè)空，對(duì)話后的方框中給出7個(gè)選項(xiàng)，其中有2個(gè)選項(xiàng)是多余的。有的試卷中這種題型采用“5選5”的模式（如2015年婁底卷）；也有的采用“10選8”的模式（如2015年哈爾濱卷）。
中考實(shí)例：
�。�2015年安徽卷）根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，從方框內(nèi)的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，其中有兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
A： It is such a lovely day. I love sunshine.
B： 66
A： I hope it stays like this.
B： 67
A： Is the weather usually like this here？
B： A bit hotter than today.
A： 68
B： Its pretty cold and it often snows in winter. 69
A： A lot like the weather here， not too hot or cold.
B： I heard it rains a lot. 70
A： Mmm， yes. It rains but not any more than other places.
[A. I hope so， too.
B. Whats the weather like in winter？
C. Is that true？
D. I dont think so.
E. Thank you for your kindness.
F. Yes， its really a nice and bright day.
G. What about your hometown？]
試題解析：
通讀全文可知，此段對(duì)話是以“天氣”為話題展開交流。
66. 根據(jù)上文句意“多好的天氣！我喜歡陽(yáng)光”可知，答案為F。句意為：是的，這真是美好而晴朗的一天。
67. 根據(jù)上文句意“我希望天氣一直這樣”可知答案為A。句意為：我也希望如此。
68. 根據(jù)下文“冬天相當(dāng)冷，經(jīng)常下雪”可知，上文需要選擇一個(gè)詢問(wèn)“冬天天氣情況”的疑問(wèn)句，答案為B。句意為：冬天的天氣怎么樣？
69. 根據(jù)后文句意“很像這里的天氣，既不太冷也不太熱”可知，這一句應(yīng)該是詢問(wèn)對(duì)方家鄉(xiāng)的天氣情況，答案為G。句意為：你的家鄉(xiāng)天氣怎么樣呢？
70. 根據(jù)后文“Mmm， yes.”可知，這一句是一般疑問(wèn)句，結(jié)合前一句“我聽說(shuō)經(jīng)常下雨”可知答案為C。句意為：是真的嗎？
二、解題點(diǎn)撥
（一）通覽全文，確定話題
首先通讀對(duì)話，了解對(duì)話的基本內(nèi)容和交際情景，確定此題目屬于哪一類交流話題，如打電話、問(wèn)路、購(gòu)物、看病、邀請(qǐng)、約會(huì)、就餐、談?wù)撓埠玫�，這些不同的場(chǎng)景有其特定的習(xí)慣表達(dá)方式和慣用句式。做題時(shí)應(yīng)該運(yùn)用相關(guān)的常用句式，這樣才會(huì)得心應(yīng)手。
�。ǘ┙Y(jié)合語(yǔ)境，逐句推敲
在弄清楚話題的基礎(chǔ)上，要細(xì)讀對(duì)話，充分利用已知的有效信息，摸清對(duì)話發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、人物的身份等。要注意對(duì)話中的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)（如問(wèn)號(hào)、句號(hào)、省略號(hào)、感嘆號(hào)等）暗示的意思，由易到難，逐層深入，先將有把握的答案確定下來(lái)，暫時(shí)放下不能確定下來(lái)的答案，然后回過(guò)頭來(lái)再解決難題。如果是選擇題，則在選擇過(guò)程中注意把已選出的選項(xiàng)劃去，避免重復(fù)選擇帶來(lái)的錯(cuò)誤。
（三）瞻前顧后，通盤考慮
要從整體理解對(duì)話出發(fā)，依照上下文的關(guān)系來(lái)考慮補(bǔ)缺單詞、短語(yǔ)或句子。因此一定要注意前后照應(yīng)，密切關(guān)注上下文之間的關(guān)系。如在看病時(shí)，上句問(wèn)“Whats the matter with you？”或“Whats wrong with you？”，下句就應(yīng)該是“I have got a cough / headache / cold ...”等，這樣前后對(duì)照，才能使上下文相呼應(yīng)。
�。ㄋ模⿵�(fù)讀對(duì)話，核對(duì)答案
做完之后，再將整段對(duì)話通讀一遍，看看對(duì)話是否通順、流暢、自然，單詞的拼寫是否有誤，語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)搭配是否正確，全篇對(duì)話是否連貫、流暢，內(nèi)容是否清晰，前后意思是否矛盾，書寫是否工整、規(guī)范。
三、備考建議
補(bǔ)全對(duì)話是近年來(lái)中考考查的熱點(diǎn)，其考查的內(nèi)容和形式越來(lái)越豐富，試題的綜合性明顯增強(qiáng)，涉及的知識(shí)面也越來(lái)越廣，包括西方國(guó)家的風(fēng)土人情、文化等。建議同學(xué)們?cè)趶?fù)習(xí)過(guò)程中做好以下幾點(diǎn)：
（一）重溫課本
牢固掌握初中英語(yǔ)教材中出現(xiàn)的30個(gè)交流項(xiàng)目以及它們各自特定的習(xí)慣表達(dá)方式和慣用句型。如對(duì)購(gòu)物、打電話、問(wèn)路、看病等有關(guān)話題要反復(fù)練習(xí)。
（二）掌握固定句式和用法
熟練掌握常見句式，最好能完全背誦下來(lái)，雖然試題中的補(bǔ)全對(duì)話有變化，但基本上都不會(huì)脫離課文中對(duì)話的原形。
（三）加強(qiáng)訓(xùn)練
在掌握話題與句式的基礎(chǔ)上，同學(xué)們要有針對(duì)性地做一些練習(xí)題，靈活應(yīng)用所學(xué)句式來(lái)解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題，不斷提高語(yǔ)言應(yīng)用的能力。
【跟蹤訓(xùn)練】
（一）（2015年廈門卷）
根據(jù)對(duì)話情景，填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。
A： Excuse me. Could you help me？
B： 66. ______. What can I do for you？
A： Well， Id like to exchange this CD.
B： Whats wrong 67. ______ it？
A： My grandson gave it to me as a birthday 68. ______. Its his favorite music ... but its too 69. ______ for me. I want something quieter.
B： Im really sorry， but there are no exchange on CDs after theyve been 70. ______.
�。ǘ�2015年哈爾濱卷）
填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~補(bǔ)全對(duì)話，每空一詞。
A： Hello， is that Tom speaking？
B： Hello， this is Tom.
A： Have you made a plan for this weekend？
B： Not yet. Im 59 busy to think about it. What is your idea？
A： What about playing basketball at the City Gym this Saturday？
B： Good idea. When shall we meet？
A： Lets 60 it 8：00 a.m.
B： All right. 61 are we going to meet？
A： At the bus stop near our school.
B： How 62 does it take to go to the gym by bus？
A： About half an hour.
B： Why not go there by subway？ The traffic may be very awful on Saturday morning.
A： I cant agree with you 63 . Then we can meet at the subway station.
B： Do you know what the 64 will be like that day？
A： The radio says it will be rainy.
B： 65 better take umbrellas with us.
A： OK. I think well have fun together. Im looking forward to that. See you.
B： See you.
（三）（2015年婁底卷）
通讀下列對(duì)話，然后根據(jù)上下文補(bǔ)全對(duì)話內(nèi)容。
A： 66. ______________. Could you please tell me how to get to Wanhao Square？
B： Sure. Go along Changqing Street and turn left at the first crossing. Then go straight on， and youll see the KFC. The square is across from it.
A： 67. _______________？
B： Its about 10 minutes walk.
A： I see. 68. ___________________？
B： Yes， you can. The No.3 bus will take you there.
A： By the way， is there a cinema near Wanhao Square？
B： 69. ________________. Zuoan Cinema is on the top floor.
A： Thank you very much.
B： 70. ___________________.
（四）（2015年江西卷）
閱讀下面對(duì)話，根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容補(bǔ)上所缺句子，使對(duì)話通順、合理，意思完整。每空一句。
（D=Darren， C=Carol）
D： Hi， Carol！ 81
C： Oh， hi， Darren. Im just getting ready for the Red Nose Day concert tomorrow.
D： Oh really？ Well， Im free this afternoon.
82
C： Actually， Ive nearly finished. Jim and I are going to put up some ads later， though. Could you please help us with that？
D： 83
C： Thats wonderful！ Oh， theres one more thing. Would you mind coming early tomorrow to help sell tickets at the door？
D： Not at all. 84
C： Around six would be great.
D： OK. 85
C： Great. Thanks， Darren.
�。ㄎ澹�2015年黃岡卷）
根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，從方框內(nèi)的選項(xiàng)中，選擇5個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)木渥油瓿蓪?duì)話，并將所選句子前的字母代號(hào)寫在答題卡上的相應(yīng)題號(hào)后。
（Nancy comes to Huanggang for a tour. She meets Li Fei in the street.）
N： Good afternoon！ Im Nancy. Nice to meet you！
L： Nice to meet you， too. Im Li Fei.
72. _________
N： Yes. I hear Huanggang is a beautiful city. By the way， where are you going？
L： Im going to relax myself by West Lake. 73. _________
N： Sure， Id love to.
�。═en minutes later.）
N： Look！ There are so many people boating on the lake. Why？
L： 74. _________ Qu Yuan was a great poet in ancient China. On that day， we also throw zongzi into the lake or river.
N： Sounds very interesting. 75. _________
L： Youre welcome. Oh， Nancy. I have to leave now. Ill prepare for tomorrows final exam.
N： 76. _________ Goodbye！
L： Bye-bye！
[A. Would you like to go there with me？
B. When did you come to Huanggang？
C. Oh， theyre preparing for tomorrows Dragon Boat Festival in memory of Qu Yuan.
D. OK. Good luck to you！
E. Are you on a vacation here？
F. Could you tell me something about Dragon Boat Festival？
G. Thank you for telling me a lot.]
（六）（2015年重慶A卷）
閱讀下面對(duì)話，從方框內(nèi)7個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇5個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)木渥油瓿纱藢?duì)話。
A： Hello， Bob！ How is it going？
B： Hello， Kate！ 66 And you？
A： Very well. Whats your plan for the summer？
B： I had a Chinese course last year， and Id like to go on with it this summer.
A： How was the course？ 67
B： Yes. It seemed that way at first. But after a while it became easier.
A： You were the best in the class， right？
B： I did get an A. Well， could you tell me your summer plan？ 68
A： No， not this summer. 69
B： That must be very interesting. Can I go with you？
A： 70 Oh， there comes the bus！ Good-bye！
B： Bye-bye！ [A. I plan to go to Africa next summer.
B. Will you travel somewhere interesting？
C. Where do you come from？
D. Is Chinese very difficult？
E. Im OK.
F. Traveling is very expensive.
G. No problem. ]
�。ㄆ撸�2014年南京卷）
根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，從下面方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語(yǔ)填空，使對(duì)話內(nèi)容完整正確。
[looked at while traditional place all over ]
A： Youve been to Australia， havent you？
B： Yea， I have. I was working in Australia for a year and I traveled 51 the country.
A： What kind of work were you doing？
B： I was teaching Chinese 52 things—kung fu and paper cut in a school.
A： Did you see kangaroos？
B： Yes. One weekend， I was driving in the countryside. I saw a kangaroo jumping right to my car！ When I stopped the car， it stopped jumping and 53 me. Then I saw it was carrying its baby in its front.
A： What was the best place you visited in Australia？
B： Uluru！ It is a red mountain in the desert. Its a very special 54 for Australians.
A： Did you miss your family 55 you were in Australia？
B： Yes， I missed them， but I never forget the experience in Australia！
Key：
�。ㄒ唬�66. Sure 67. with 68. gift 69. noisy 70. opened （注：第66～70題可能存在多種答案）
�。ǘ�59. too 60. make 61. Where 62. long 63. more 64. weather 65. Wed
�。ㄈ�66. Excuse me
67. Whats the distance / How far （is it from here）
68. Can I take a bus to go there / Can I get there by bus
69. Yes （， there is）
70. Youre welcome
�。ㄋ模�81. What are you doing？
82. Can I help you？ / What can I do for you？ / Can I give you a hand？ / Is there anything I can do for you？ / Do you need help？ / Can I do something for you？
83. Of course. / OK. / All right. / Id love to. / Sure. / Certainly. / No problem. / With pleasure.
84. What time？ / When？ / What time shall I be there？ / When shall I come？ / What time shall we meet？
85. See you then. / Ill be there on time. / Lets meet at 6. / See you at 6 tomorrow.
�。ㄎ澹�72～76 EACGD
�。�66～70 EDBAG
（七）51. all over 52. traditional 53. looked at 54. place 55. while