元音因素:
A a E e I i O o U u
單元音:[i:]、[e]、[u:]、[?]、[?:]、[i]、[a:]、[?:]、[u]、[Λ]、[?]、[?]
雙元音:[e?]、[i?]、[u?]、[?i]、[?u]、[ai]、[au]、[ei]
8個(gè)元音音素及發(fā)音規(guī)則:
元音 /α:/、/?/、/?:/、/u/、/u:/、/Λ/、/?/、/?:/
1、 /α:/:嘴全開,唇成自然狀,舌根部后縮,后位音、長(zhǎng)元音,字母組合ar發(fā)這個(gè)音。
發(fā)音練習(xí): heart arm darn farm cart fast car dark barn pass hard far star park half father master
朗讀單詞:/Λ/與/α:/的比較 cap carp am arm lad lard ant aunt pack park bad bard ham harm lack lark chat chart hash harsh
2、/?/ :舌離開下齒齦口成橢形,短元音,輔音母結(jié)的的O常讀此音。
發(fā)音練習(xí): lot got job shop soft song top hot box pot lock watch cost stop clock long gone wrong bottle orange doctor coffee
朗讀單詞:/ae://與/?/的比較 hat hot cat cot cap cop sack sock ran wrong
3、/?:/:比/?/開口更小,唇成圓形、突出,舌根部后縮,長(zhǎng)元音。字母組合or、all、alk、aw常讀此音。
發(fā)音練習(xí):tall fall wall walk call yawn thought walking lawn short dawn talk storm fort morning
朗讀單詞:/?:/與/?/的比較 don dawn pot port cot caught spot sport not naught cod cord stock stork fox fork
4、/u/:舌尖離開下齒齦,舌后部上抬,唇較圓,短元音。 字母 u、oo、ou 常發(fā)此音。
發(fā)音練習(xí):cook book look put good full foot would room broom push sugar woman football pudding goodbye
朗讀單詞:/u/與/?:/的比較 fall full talk book ball bull fought foot
5、/u:/ :舌位同/u/,但比/u/稍低,唇較/u/更小、突出,長(zhǎng)元音。o、oo、ou、常發(fā)此音。
發(fā)音練習(xí):too soon rule boot fool school soup cool lose shoes goose whose shoot pool foolish
朗讀單詞:/u:/與/u/的比較 coot could goose good whose hood shoot should pool pull fool full
6、/Λ/ :口腔全開,唇成自然狀,短元音。
發(fā)音練習(xí):cup bus gun hut sung duck lung luck cut stuck musk some honey money won once couple shut up cousin fun
朗讀單詞:/Λ/與/ae:/的比較 cap cup bag bug sack suck ban bun rag rug
7、/?/ :口形與唇成自然狀,肌肉放松,口腔半開,短元音。/?/的拼寫形式多種多樣。
發(fā)音練習(xí):ago about asleep above again among mother brother doctor teacher never danger sugar order butter picture
8、/?:/ :口腔在半開狀態(tài),唇向兩邊咧開,長(zhǎng)元音。
發(fā)音練習(xí):shirt hurt burn girl bird nurse work worm curse world dirty skirt thirsty worst person curtin serve early
朗讀單詞:/?:/與/?:/的比較 torn turn short shirt wall world
元音音素 /α:/、/?/、/?:/、/u/、/u:/、/Λ/、/?/、/?:/
元音符號(hào)順口溜: