否定句：
表示否定的句子。必須有否定詞。
否定句的構(gòu)成形式：
a. 謂語為be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，“be+not "一名學(xué)生。
b. 謂語為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞而且沒有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞時(shí)，“do/ does/ did+not"構(gòu)成否定。
例：I do not like dancing. 我不喜歡跳舞。
He does not want to go to school. 他不想去上學(xué)。
c. 謂語為“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞”時(shí)，“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not”構(gòu)成否定。
例：You must not smoke. 你千萬不要吸煙。
I can not catch it. 我抓不住它。
否定句在英語語法中可以分為九類：
�。�1）一般否定句
I don't know this. No news is good news.
There is no person（smoking）/not a person/not any person（smoking）in the house.
（2）特指否定
He went to his office, not to see him.
I am sorry for not coming on time.
I don't think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are right.
�。�3）部分否定
All the answers are not right
All is not gold that glitters
I don't know all of them.
I can't see everybody/everything.
Both of them are not right.
（4）全體否定
None of my friends smoke.
I can see nothing/nobody.
Neither of them is right.
Nothing can be so simple as this.
�。�5）延續(xù)否定
You didn't see him, neither/nor did I.
You don't know, I don't know either.
He doesn't know English, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of（更不用說）French.
�。�6）半否定句
We seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing.
I know little English. I saw few people.
�。�7）雙重否定
You can't make something out of nothing.
What's done cannot be undone.
There is no sweet without sweat.
No gain without pains.
I can't help /keep/ laughing whenever I hear it.
No man is so old but（that）he can learn.
�。�8）排除否定
Everyone is ready except you.
He did nothing but play.
But for your help, I couldn't do it.
（9）加強(qiáng)否定
I won't do it at all.
I can't see it any more.
He is no longer a boy.
否定轉(zhuǎn)移的形式與用法：
一、動(dòng)詞的否定轉(zhuǎn)移
1.形式上否定主句的謂語，實(shí)際上是否定從句的謂語
當(dāng)動(dòng)詞“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”的主語是第一人稱，謂語動(dòng)詞為沒有任何副詞修飾的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，它們的否定式實(shí)際上是對(duì)賓語從句的否定。
表示說話者提出一種委婉的看法或主張。如：
I think that he will help us.——I don’t think that he will help us. 我認(rèn)為它不會(huì)幫助我們。
I believe that he is right.——I don’t believe that he is right. 我認(rèn)為他不對(duì)。
I suppose that he likes it.——I don’t suppose that he likes it. 我想他不喜歡它。
2. 形式上否定謂語動(dòng)詞，實(shí)際上否定復(fù)合賓語
當(dāng)動(dòng)詞“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”、“find”的主語是第一人稱，謂語動(dòng)詞為沒有任何副詞修飾的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，它們前面的否定式實(shí)際上是對(duì)復(fù)合賓語的否定。表示說話者所提出的一種委婉的看法或主張。如：
I think math difficult. — I don’t think math difficult. 我認(rèn)為數(shù)學(xué)不難。
I find the story interesting. — I don’t find the story interesting. 我認(rèn)為這個(gè)故事沒有趣。
I expect so. —I don’t expect so. 我認(rèn)為不會(huì)。
二、動(dòng)詞“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”在下列情況下，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移：
1.這些動(dòng)詞跟其他另一個(gè)動(dòng)詞一起做并列謂語時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：
I believe and hope he won’t do that. 我相信并且也希望他將不會(huì)那樣做。
I feel and admit that we are not foolish. 我覺得并且也承認(rèn)我們并不愚蠢。
2.用于疑問句時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：
Do you think it is not going to rain? 你認(rèn)為天不會(huì)下雨嗎？
Don’t you believe that he has done a good thing? 難道你不相信他做了一件好事？
3.用作插入語時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：
Li Lei, I think, won’t be angry with you. 我想李蕾不會(huì)生你的氣。
Tom, I suppose, won’t be against it. 我猜想湯姆不會(huì)反對(duì)。
Mike, I believe, hasn’t seen the film. 我認(rèn)為邁克沒有看這場電影。
4.動(dòng)詞前有其他副詞修飾時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：
I really don’t think it’s necessary for us to go there now. 我的確不認(rèn)為我們有必要去那兒。
I feel strongly that he shouldn’t do such a thing. 我強(qiáng)烈地認(rèn)為他不應(yīng)該做那樣的事。
5.動(dòng)詞為非一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或主語不是第一人稱時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。
I thought that he wouldn’t come back soon. 我原以為他不會(huì)回來得這么快。
She didn’t believe that he became a good boy. 她不相信它變成了一個(gè)好孩子。
He thinks that he isn’t fit for the job. 他認(rèn)為他不適合這件工作。
He doesn’t believe that what we told him is true. 他不相信我們告訴他的事是真的。
6.當(dāng)賓語從句中含的否定為“not……at all”、“not a little”、“not a few”、“not enough”、“can’t help”等固定搭配時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：
I think that he doesn’t know it at all. 我想他對(duì)那一點(diǎn)也不知道。
I suppose that it is not enough to remember the words if you want to learn the language well. 我認(rèn)為如果你想把這門語言學(xué)好，那么只記單詞是不夠的。
I believe that you can’t help singing our national anthem when you win the first place in the Olympic Games. 我相信當(dāng)你在奧運(yùn)會(huì)上獲得第一名時(shí)你會(huì)情不自禁地唱起國歌來。
7.當(dāng)賓語從句中含“no”、“nothing”、“nobody”、“nowhere”、“hardly”、“seldom”、“l(fā)ittle”、“few”等否定詞或半否詞時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：
I believe that nothing can make me give it up. 我想任何事情也不能使我放棄。
I think that no one can escape if the ship sinks in the sea. 我認(rèn)為如果這艘船沉入海底的話，那么誰也逃不掉。
I suppose that he is a man of few words. 我猜想他是一個(gè)言語不多的人。