表示一般過(guò)去式的動(dòng)詞通常用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式形式來(lái)表示,而動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式是在動(dòng)詞原形的基礎(chǔ)上變化的。
動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式可分為規(guī)則動(dòng)詞和不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。
實(shí)意動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則:
注:以l結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,尾音節(jié)重讀時(shí),雙寫(xiě)l,如control—controlled;
尾音節(jié)不重讀時(shí),雙不雙寫(xiě)都可以,如travel—traveled/traveled。
特例:picnic—picnicked,另外還有很多動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式是不合乎上述規(guī)則的,常見(jiàn)的有:
常用的有:
begin—began, bring—brought, come—came, draw—drew,
drink—drank, drive—drove, eat—ate, feel—felt,
get—got, give—gave, go—went, grow—grew,
have (has)—had, keep—kept, know—knew, leave—left,
make—made, read—read, run—ran, say—said,
see—saw, sit—sat
幾個(gè)特殊實(shí)意動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式用法:
a.beat的過(guò)去式與原形同形:
beat(打擊)
beat(過(guò)去式)
beaten(過(guò)去分詞)
b.lie有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種,含義不同
lie,lied, lied(說(shuō)謊)
lay, lain(躺,位于)
c.hang有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種,含義不同
hang,hanged, hanged(處絞刑)
hung, hung(掛,吊)
d. welcome(歡迎)一詞是規(guī)則動(dòng)詞,不可誤用為不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞
welcome welcomed, welcomed(正)
welcome, welcome(誤)
e.不要將不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞誤用為規(guī)則動(dòng)詞
hit(打)
hit, hit(正)
hitted, hitted(誤)
實(shí)意動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式用法基本句式:
1.主+V-ed+賓+其它。。。(肯定句)
2.主+didn't+V原+賓+其它。。。
3.Did+主+V原+賓+其它。。。+?
4.回答:Yes,主語(yǔ)代詞+did\No,主語(yǔ)代詞+didin't.
5.特殊疑問(wèn)句:特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。
實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài):
肯定句要使用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式,否定句和疑問(wèn)句要使用助動(dòng)詞do和 does 的過(guò)去式 did.
肯定句為:
主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+賓語(yǔ) 如:
I went home at nine o'clock yesterday.
否定句:
主語(yǔ)+didn't +動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ) 如:
I didn't go home yesterday. He didn't tell me about you.
疑問(wèn)句:
一般疑問(wèn)句:
Did +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ)
如:Did you go home yesterday?
Did you study in the school?
肯定回答: Yes, I did.
否定回答:No, I didn't.
特殊疑問(wèn)句:特殊疑問(wèn)詞+did +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原型+賓語(yǔ)
When did you finish your homework last night?
What did you do the day before yesterday?