過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：
表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。其形式為was/were+V-ing。
常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，如：
last night，last Saturday等；
或者與when,while,as引導(dǎo)的過去時(shí)間狀語連用。
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)：
1. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)由“主語+was/were + 現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成
eg: We were having supper when the phone rang. 我們正在吃晚飯時(shí)電話響了。
2. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定式由“主語+was/were not +現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成
eg: This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV. He was repairing his bike. 昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候，杰克不是在看電視，而是在修理自行車。
3. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的疑問式由“was/were +主語+ 現(xiàn)在分詞”組成
eg: Were you playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon? 你們?cè)诟墒裁醋蛱煜挛绲臅r(shí)間啊 回答我啊?
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別：
一、二者概念理解
一般過去時(shí)敘述舊事，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)描述背景。
A、一般過去時(shí)
1.過去狀態(tài)、動(dòng)作或事件
He went to Beijing the other day.（帶具體時(shí)間）
2.過去的習(xí)慣
a would ,used to與過去時(shí)
would 表間斷性不規(guī)則的習(xí)慣，常帶頻率時(shí)間
used to 表一貫性有規(guī)律的習(xí)慣
They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words.
He smoked a lot two years ago. （過去行為）
bWould 用于文中不用于句首，只表過去習(xí)慣。
Used to 表今昔對(duì)比的含義，敘述習(xí)慣動(dòng)作可與would 換用。
When he was a boy , he would often go there . （敘述過去）
She isn't what she used to be. (今昔對(duì)比)
c 表示狀態(tài)時(shí)一般只用used to
Tom used to be fat /There used to stand a tree there. (狀態(tài))
dwas (were) used to +ving表示“合適于，適應(yīng)于…..”
He used to work at night . (“習(xí)慣”表經(jīng)常)
He was used to working at night. (習(xí)慣表適應(yīng))
3.過去的經(jīng)歷，平行動(dòng)作，依此事件用一般過去時(shí)。
He sat there and listened to the radio.(依此發(fā)生)
4.客氣委婉的語氣，用于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞和want , wonder , hope 等
How did you like the film? / Could you help me?
B. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)
1.在過去某階段或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生
What were you doing at 8:30 last night? (過去某時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生)
2.性動(dòng)詞用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示按計(jì)劃、打算
During that time he was going with us.(表示打算)
3.lways ,often ,usually 等連用表喜愛，討厭等感情色彩。
He was always Changing his mind.
二、區(qū)別
A. 進(jìn)行時(shí)表某一行為的“片斷”一般時(shí)表示行為的“整體”和存在的狀態(tài)。
I was reading the book at that time. (未讀完，“讀”的片段)
I read the book yesterday. (已讀完，表整個(gè)“讀”)
B、一般持續(xù)時(shí)間狀語多與進(jìn)行時(shí)連用
It was raining all night.(優(yōu)先用was raining ,rained 為持續(xù)動(dòng)詞，故也可使用)
He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. (短暫動(dòng)詞與持續(xù)時(shí)間連用，表反復(fù)，連續(xù)發(fā)生，不可用一般過去時(shí))
C、while 時(shí)間狀語從句中用短暫動(dòng)詞時(shí)只能用進(jìn)行時(shí)。
例：He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.
D、While 所在主從句動(dòng)作大致持續(xù)相等時(shí)主從句一般都用進(jìn)行時(shí)，但若是持續(xù)動(dòng)詞可都用一般過去時(shí)，兩個(gè)動(dòng)作一長一短時(shí)短的用一般時(shí)，長的用進(jìn)行時(shí)。
I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.(平行)
I cooked the dinner while he played the piano.
I saw him while I was walking to the station.
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法:
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法主要表示過去某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：
He fell asleep when he was reading. 他看書時(shí)睡著了。
2. 用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在主要是為了使語氣委婉、客氣。如：
I was wondering if you could give me a lift. 我不知你能否讓我搭一下車。
【注】一般過去時(shí)也有類似用法，但比較而言，用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)顯得更客氣，更不肯定。
3. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示感情色彩與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)相似，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)也可表示滿意、稱贊、驚訝、
厭惡等感情色彩，也通常與 always, forever, continually等副詞連用。如：
They were always quarrelling. 他們老是吵架。
4. 動(dòng)詞be的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)動(dòng)詞be的進(jìn)行時(shí)也可表示過去一時(shí)的表現(xiàn)或暫時(shí)的狀態(tài)。
比較：He was friendly. 他很友好。(指過去長期如此)
He was being friendly. 他當(dāng)時(shí)顯得很友好。(指當(dāng)時(shí)一時(shí)的表現(xiàn))
特殊用法
1、當(dāng)句子意思很清楚時(shí)，我們也可以把兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞都換成一般過去時(shí)
We listened carefully when the teacher read the text. 老師讀課文時(shí)，我們都仔細(xì)地聽著。
2、表示按計(jì)劃、安排過去將要發(fā)生的事。
用于come,go,leave,start,arrive等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞時(shí)，也可以用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
如：He told me that he was going soon. 他告訴我他很快就要走了。
3、表示故事發(fā)生的背景。
It was snowing as the medical team made its way to the front.
那支醫(yī)療小組往前線行進(jìn)時(shí)，天正下著雪。
4、表示一個(gè)新的動(dòng)作剛剛開始。
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可用來引出一個(gè)新的動(dòng)作，這種用法頗有點(diǎn)兒像鏡頭轉(zhuǎn)換。
Five minutes later,he stood in the doorway smoking a cigarette.
5分鐘后，他已站在門口抽著煙。
5、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)還可和when結(jié)構(gòu)遙相呼應(yīng)，含有意外之意。
I was walking in the street when someone called me.
我正在街上走時(shí)突然有人喊我。
6、用來陳述原因或用作借口。
She went to the doctor yesterday. She was having a lot of trouble with her heart.
她昨天去看病了。她患了很嚴(yán)重的心臟病。
7、與always,constantly等詞連用，表示感情色彩。
The girl was always changing her mind.
這女孩老是改變主意。