過去進(jìn)行時：
表示在過去某一時刻或某一段時間內(nèi)進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作。其形式為was/were+V-ing。
常與表示過去的時間狀語連用，如：
last night，last Saturday等；
或者與when,while,as引導(dǎo)的過去時間狀語連用。
過去進(jìn)行時的結(jié)構(gòu)：
1. 過去進(jìn)行時由“主語+was/were + 現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成
eg: We were having supper when the phone rang. 我們正在吃晚飯時電話響了。
2. 過去進(jìn)行時的否定式由“主語+was/were not +現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成
eg: This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV. He was repairing his bike. 昨天這個時候，杰克不是在看電視，而是在修理自行車。
3. 過去進(jìn)行時的疑問式由“was/were +主語+ 現(xiàn)在分詞”組成
eg: Were you playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon? 你們在干什么昨天下午的時間啊 回答我啊?
過去進(jìn)行時和一般過去時的區(qū)別：
一、二者概念理解
一般過去時敘述舊事，過去進(jìn)行時描述背景。
A、一般過去時
1.過去狀態(tài)、動作或事件
He went to Beijing the other day.（帶具體時間）
2.過去的習(xí)慣
a would ,used to與過去時
would 表間斷性不規(guī)則的習(xí)慣，常帶頻率時間
used to 表一貫性有規(guī)律的習(xí)慣
They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words.
He smoked a lot two years ago. （過去行為）
bWould 用于文中不用于句首，只表過去習(xí)慣。
Used to 表今昔對比的含義，敘述習(xí)慣動作可與would 換用。
When he was a boy , he would often go there . （敘述過去）
She isn't what she used to be. (今昔對比)
c 表示狀態(tài)時一般只用used to
Tom used to be fat /There used to stand a tree there. (狀態(tài))
dwas (were) used to +ving表示“合適于，適應(yīng)于…..”
He used to work at night . (“習(xí)慣”表經(jīng)常)
He was used to working at night. (習(xí)慣表適應(yīng))
3.過去的經(jīng)歷，平行動作，依此事件用一般過去時。
He sat there and listened to the radio.(依此發(fā)生)
4.客氣委婉的語氣，用于情態(tài)動詞，助動詞和want , wonder , hope 等
How did you like the film? / Could you help me?
B. 過去進(jìn)行時
1.在過去某階段或某一時刻正在發(fā)生
What were you doing at 8:30 last night? (過去某時刻正在發(fā)生)
2.性動詞用過去進(jìn)行時表示按計劃、打算
During that time he was going with us.(表示打算)
3.lways ,often ,usually 等連用表喜愛，討厭等感情色彩。
He was always Changing his mind.
二、區(qū)別
A. 進(jìn)行時表某一行為的“片斷”一般時表示行為的“整體”和存在的狀態(tài)。
I was reading the book at that time. (未讀完，“讀”的片段)
I read the book yesterday. (已讀完，表整個“讀”)
B、一般持續(xù)時間狀語多與進(jìn)行時連用
It was raining all night.(優(yōu)先用was raining ,rained 為持續(xù)動詞，故也可使用)
He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. (短暫動詞與持續(xù)時間連用，表反復(fù)，連續(xù)發(fā)生，不可用一般過去時)
C、while 時間狀語從句中用短暫動詞時只能用進(jìn)行時。
例：He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.
D、While 所在主從句動作大致持續(xù)相等時主從句一般都用進(jìn)行時，但若是持續(xù)動詞可都用一般過去時，兩個動作一長一短時短的用一般時，長的用進(jìn)行時。
I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.(平行)
I cooked the dinner while he played the piano.
I saw him while I was walking to the station.
過去進(jìn)行時的基本用法:
過去進(jìn)行時的基本用法主要表示過去某一時間正在進(jìn)行的動作。如：
He fell asleep when he was reading. 他看書時睡著了。
2. 用過去進(jìn)行時表示現(xiàn)在主要是為了使語氣委婉、客氣。如：
I was wondering if you could give me a lift. 我不知你能否讓我搭一下車。
【注】一般過去時也有類似用法，但比較而言，用過去進(jìn)行時顯得更客氣，更不肯定。
3. 過去進(jìn)行時表示感情色彩與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時相似，過去進(jìn)行時也可表示滿意、稱贊、驚訝、
厭惡等感情色彩，也通常與 always, forever, continually等副詞連用。如：
They were always quarrelling. 他們老是吵架。
4. 動詞be的過去進(jìn)行時動詞be的進(jìn)行時也可表示過去一時的表現(xiàn)或暫時的狀態(tài)。
比較：He was friendly. 他很友好。(指過去長期如此)
He was being friendly. 他當(dāng)時顯得很友好。(指當(dāng)時一時的表現(xiàn))
特殊用法
1、當(dāng)句子意思很清楚時，我們也可以把兩個動詞都換成一般過去時
We listened carefully when the teacher read the text. 老師讀課文時，我們都仔細(xì)地聽著。
2、表示按計劃、安排過去將要發(fā)生的事。
用于come,go,leave,start,arrive等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動詞時，也可以用過去進(jìn)行時表示過去將要發(fā)生的動作。
如：He told me that he was going soon. 他告訴我他很快就要走了。
3、表示故事發(fā)生的背景。
It was snowing as the medical team made its way to the front.
那支醫(yī)療小組往前線行進(jìn)時，天正下著雪。
4、表示一個新的動作剛剛開始。
過去進(jìn)行時可用來引出一個新的動作，這種用法頗有點兒像鏡頭轉(zhuǎn)換。
Five minutes later,he stood in the doorway smoking a cigarette.
5分鐘后，他已站在門口抽著煙。
5、過去進(jìn)行時還可和when結(jié)構(gòu)遙相呼應(yīng)，含有意外之意。
I was walking in the street when someone called me.
我正在街上走時突然有人喊我。
6、用來陳述原因或用作借口。
She went to the doctor yesterday. She was having a lot of trouble with her heart.
她昨天去看病了。她患了很嚴(yán)重的心臟病。
7、與always,constantly等詞連用，表示感情色彩。
The girl was always changing her mind.
這女孩老是改變主意。