�。ㄊ⿲硗瓿蓵r(shí)
將來完成時(shí)用來表示在將來某一時(shí)間以前已經(jīng)完成或一直持續(xù)的動(dòng)作。經(jīng)常與before+將來時(shí)間或by+將來時(shí)間連用，也可與before或by the time引導(dǎo)的現(xiàn)在時(shí)的從句連用。
? 將來完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成
將來完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成是由"shall/will + have +過去分詞"構(gòu)成的。
例如：
Before long he will have forgotten all about the matter.
不久他就會(huì)全然忘記這件事的。
He is somebody now. He will not have remembered his old classmates.
他現(xiàn)在是一個(gè)有身份的人了，他可能不會(huì)記得老同學(xué)了。
Will you have known Kevin for 10 years next month?
到下個(gè)月你認(rèn)識(shí)凱文該有10年了吧？
? 將來完成時(shí)的用法
�、俦硎驹趯砟骋粫r(shí)間之前已完成的動(dòng)作，并往往對將來某一時(shí)間產(chǎn)生影響。
We shall have learned 12 units by the end of this term.
到這個(gè)學(xué)期末，我們將學(xué)完12個(gè)單元。
By the time you get home I will have cleaned the house from top to bottom.
你到家之前我將把房子徹底打掃一遍。
�、诒硎就茰y，相當(dāng)于"must have done"結(jié)構(gòu)。
You will have heard of this, I guess.
我想你已經(jīng)聽說過這件事了。
I am sure he will have got the information.
我相信他一定得到了這個(gè)信息。
�。ㄊ┻^去將來時(shí)
? 基本用法
過去將來時(shí)表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間看來將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。即:過去將來時(shí)是“立足過去,著眼未來”的一種時(shí)態(tài), 常用于賓語從句中。判斷這種時(shí)態(tài)的依據(jù)是:要有表示過去的“動(dòng)作”,而不是時(shí)間。如:
I heard that they were going to return to Shanghai soon.
我聽說他們不久要回到上海。
? 基本構(gòu)成
�、儆芍鷦�(dòng)詞“would/should+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成,should主要用于主語是第一人稱時(shí);would可用于各種人稱。如:
Whenever we had trouble, he would come to help us.
不論何時(shí)我們遇到困難,他總會(huì)給予幫助。
②由“was/were going to+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。如:
No one knew when he was going to come.
沒有人知道他什么時(shí)候來。
過去將來時(shí)常用于賓語從句和間接引語中。例如：
I didn’t know if he would come.
我不知道他是否會(huì)來。
They never knew that population would become a big problem.
他們從來都不知道人口問題將會(huì)成為一個(gè)大問題。
She didn’t tell me where she would go.
她沒有告訴我她要去哪兒。
Betty said she would visit the Great Wall next Saturday.
貝蒂說下周六她要去參觀長城。
1. 過去將來時(shí)的表達(dá)法 （四種情況）
I. “would+動(dòng)詞原形”。常表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將發(fā)生的事。例如
He said he would come to see me.
他說他要來看我。
He told me he would go to Beijing.
他告訴我他將去北京。
II. “was/ were +going to+動(dòng)詞原形”。常可用來表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將發(fā)生的事。例如：
She said she was going to start off at once.
她說她將立即出發(fā)。
I was told that he was going to return home.
有人告訴我他準(zhǔn)備回家。
此結(jié)構(gòu)還可表示根據(jù)當(dāng)時(shí)情況判斷有可能但不一定會(huì)發(fā)生某事。例如：
It seemed as if it was going to rain.
看來好像要下雨。
III. come， go， leave， arrive， start等動(dòng)詞可用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)代替過去將來時(shí)。例如：
He said the train was leaving at six the next morning.
他說火車將于第二天早晨六點(diǎn)離開。
She told me she was coming to see me.
她告訴我她要來看我。
IV. 條件狀語從句和時(shí)間狀語從句中須用一般過去時(shí)代替過去將來時(shí)。例如：
I didn’t know when she would come， but when she came I would let you know.
我不知道她什么時(shí)候來，但她來了我會(huì)告訴你。
The teacher said that it would be very difficult to make progress if I didn’t work hard.
老師說，如果我不努力學(xué)習(xí)的話，就很難取得進(jìn)步。