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 欄目類別:知識(shí)點(diǎn) >> 高中 >> 英語

量詞

更新時(shí)間:2016/7/20 12:17:00  手機(jī)版

  量詞的概念:

  通常用來表示人、事物或動(dòng)作的數(shù)量單位的詞,叫做量詞。

  例如:a bag of (rice), a piece of (news), a cup of (tea)

  量詞詞組的特點(diǎn):

  特點(diǎn)一:

  英語量詞詞組所表示的數(shù)或量:大致可歸納為四種類型,即定量、不定量、大量和少量。

  1、表示定量的量詞詞組:

  如:a couple of(兩個(gè)、一對(duì))—a couple of days,a couple o fplayers,a couple of times

  a cupful of(一滿杯)—a cupful of jelly,a cupful of water

  a portion of(一份/客)—a portion of duck,a portion of roastbeef

  2、表示不定量的量詞詞組:

  如:a majority of(大多數(shù)/大半)—a majority of opinions,a majority of votes

  an atom of(一點(diǎn))—an atom of food,an atom of truth

  a spell of(一陣/一段時(shí)間)—a spell of fine weather,a spell of coughing

  3、表示大量的量詞詞組:

  如:a flood of—a flood of ink(洋洋大篇),a flood of tears(淚如泉涌)

  a heap of—a heap of earth(一堆泥土),a heap of customers(許多顧客)

  a mountain of—a mountain of debts(債臺(tái)高筑),a mountain of difficulties(困難重重)

  4、表示少量的量詞詞組:

  如:a drop of—a drop of fever(有點(diǎn)熱度),a drop of dew(一點(diǎn)露水)

  a particle of—a particle of feeling(一絲感情),a particle of dust(一點(diǎn)灰塵)

  a shadow of—a shadow of doubt(一點(diǎn)懷疑),a shadow of freedom(一點(diǎn)自由)

  特點(diǎn)二:

  有些數(shù)量詞組修飾可數(shù)名詞,有些數(shù)量詞組修飾不可數(shù)名詞,還有些則兩者均可修飾。

  1、修飾不可數(shù)名詞的量詞詞組:

  如:a bit of—a bit of English(一點(diǎn)英語),a bit of good advice(一些好意見),

  a bit of interest(一點(diǎn)興趣), a shred of—a shredofevidence(一點(diǎn)證據(jù))

  a shred of cloth(少量布),a shred of reputation(一點(diǎn)聲譽(yù))

  a sheet of—a sheet of glass(一塊玻璃), a sheet of water(一片汪洋)

  2、修飾可數(shù)名詞的量詞詞組:

  如:a cluster of—a cluster of flowers(一簇花),a cluster of spectators(一群觀眾),a cluster of bright stars(閃爍群星)

  a string of—a string of pearls(一串珠子),a string of curses(連續(xù)不斷的咒罵),a string of excuses(一連串借口)

  a scram of—a scram of mosquitoes(一群蚊子),a scram of geese(一群鵝),a scram of children(一群孩子)

  3、修飾(不)可數(shù)名詞的量詞詞組:

  如:a body of—a body of bees(一群蜜蜂),a body of coldair(一股冷空氣),a body of facts(許多事實(shí))

  a block of—a block of ice(一大塊冰),a block of flats(一幢公寓),a block of houses(一排房子)

  a chain of—a chain of ideas(一系列想法),a chain of accidents(一連串事故),a chain of proof(一連串證據(jù))

  特點(diǎn)三:

  有些數(shù)量詞組的搭配是固定的,而有些搭配則比較靈活。

  1、搭配固定的量詞詞組:

  如:a barrel of—a barrel of beer(一桶啤酒),a barrel of crudeoil(一桶原油)

  a basket of—a basket of eggs(一籃雞蛋),a basket of apples(一籃蘋果)

  a line of—a line of trees(一行樹),a line of poetry(一行詩)

  2、搭配較靈活的量詞詞組:

  如:a piece of—a piece of paper(一張紙),a piece of furniture(一件家具),a piece of equipment(一臺(tái)設(shè)備)

  a round of—a round of spirit(一巡酒),a round of diplomatic talks(一輪外交談判),a round of toast(一片烤面包)

  a bar of—a bar of chocolate(一塊巧克力),a bar of soap(一條肥皂),a bar of light(一束光)

  一些常見的量詞及搭配:

  1、一般性的表示個(gè)數(shù)的量詞:

  這一組中主要有piece, bit, item, article等詞,但piece具有獨(dú)特的地位,在使用其他詞的地方一般都可使用piece代替之。

  如:piece: a piece of meat/paper/bread/music/information/furniture/machinery, etc.一片肉/一張紙/一片面包/一首曲子/一條信息/一件家具/一臺(tái)機(jī)器等

  bit: a bit of news/wood/advice/trouble, etc. 一條消息/一塊木頭/一條建議/一件麻煩事等

  item: an item of news/crime/program/business, etc. 一條新聞/一宗罪行/一個(gè)項(xiàng)目/一筆生意等

  article: an article o fexport/furniture/clothing/luggage, etc. 一宗出口/一件家具/一件衣服/一件行李等

  2、以形狀表示個(gè)數(shù)的量詞:

  如:bar: a bar of chocolate/candy 一塊巧克力/一塊糖

  bunch: a bunch of flowers/grapes/keys 一束花/一串葡萄/一串鑰匙

  cake: a cake of soap/ice 一塊肥皂/一塊冰

  cluster: a cluster of stars/flowers/animals 一群星/一束花/一群動(dòng)物

  comb: a comb of bananas 一串香蕉

  drop: a drop of rain/blood 一滴雨/一滴血

  ear: an ear of corn/wheat 一棒玉米/一穗麥子

  flight: a flight of stairs/arrows/sparrows 一段樓梯/一陣箭雨/一群麻雀

  flock: a flock of workmen/criminals/boys 一群工人/一伙罪犯/一群男孩

  head: a head of cabbage/cauliflower/sheep 一頭卷心菜/一塊花菜/一頭羊

  lump: a lump of sugar/coal/clay一塊糖/一塊煤/一塊土

  spiral: a spiral of mosquito incense 一盤蚊香

  slice: a slice of meat/bread/beef 一片肉/一片面包/一塊牛肉

  swarm: a swarm of bees 一群蜜蜂

  bevy: a bevy of beauties/girls/ladies 一群美人/一群女孩/一群女士

  gathering: a gathering of friends 一幫朋友

  clump: a clump of trees 一叢樹林

  pack: a pack of rascals/wolves 一群流氓/一群狼

  3、表示容積的詞:

  如:bottle: a bottle of ink/milk/wine 一瓶酒/一瓶牛奶/一瓶葡萄酒

  bowl: a bowl of rice/porridge 一碗米飯/一碗粥

  pail: a pail of water 一桶水

  glass: a glass of beer 一杯啤酒

  cup: a cup of tea 一杯茶

  handful: a handful of soil 一抔土

  spoonful: a spoonful of oil 一湯匙油

  mouthful: a mouthful of snow 一口雪

  truckload: a truckload of steel 一卡車鋼材

  packet: a packet of cigarette 一包煙

  4、表示行為動(dòng)態(tài)的量詞:

  如:fit: a fit of laughter 一陣笑聲

  peal: a peal of thunder 一陣?yán)茁?/p>

  flash: a flash of light 一道閃電

  display: a display of force 一番武力展示

  還有:①a drove of horses(一群馬)

 、赼 flock of goats(一群山羊)

  ③a herd of elephants(一群大象)

 、躠 pack of wolves(一群狼)

 、輆 pride of lion(一群獅子)

 、轪 skulk of foxes(一群狐貍)

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