肯定句的概念:
句子中不含否定詞的就稱為肯定句。肯定句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為:主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ),陳述句的肯定形式分兩種,一種為正常語(yǔ)序,一種為倒裝語(yǔ)序。
例如:I have heard a lot that way.
In front of the car was Mike.
用于肯定句的常見結(jié)構(gòu):
1、already:
在通常情況下,already(已經(jīng))主要用于肯定句,一般不用于否定句或疑問句。
如:誤:He hasn' tarrived already.
正:He hasn't arrived yet. 他還沒有到。
注:有時(shí)用于否定句或疑問句中,主要表示驚訝。
如:Is he back already? 他怎么就回來了。
Haven't you seen him already? 難道你還沒見到好?
2、excellent:
excellent意為“極好的”,含有絕對(duì)無疑的意思,通常只用于肯定句,不用于否定句。
如:誤:The film is not excellent.
正:The film is not very good. 這部電影不是很好。
注:excellent通常也不用于疑問句、條件句等。
3、hurry up:
hurry up主要用于肯定句(尤其是肯定的祈使句),一般不用于否定句。在否定句中,用hurry即可。
如:誤:Don't hurry up; we have enough time.
正:Don't hurry; we have enough time. 別急,我們有的是時(shí)間。
4、plenty(of):
在通常情況下,plenty(of)用于肯定句中,而不用于否定句中。
如:誤:Have you plenty of food for the holidays?
正:Have you enough food for the holidays? 你有足夠的食物供假期里吃嗎?
注:在否定句或疑問中用enough, much, many等代之。具體地說,疑問句中通常用enough代替,否定句中通常用much,many代替。
比較:There is plenty of time. 時(shí)間還很多。
There isn't much time. 時(shí)間不多了。
Is there enough time? 時(shí)間還夠嗎?
5、some:
在通常情況下,some用于肯定句中,在否定句或疑問句中要用any代之。
如:誤:I haven't some question to ask.
正:I haven't any question to ask. 我沒有問題要問。
注:some有時(shí)也用于否定句,那多半有某種特殊的原因。
比較:I don't like any of the books. 這些書中我一本也不喜歡。
I don't like some of the books. 這些書中有幾本我不喜歡。
I don't like some one of the books. 這些書中某一本我不喜歡。
另外,some有時(shí)也可用于疑問句,如希望得到肯定回答的疑問句,或表示請(qǐng)求或建議等。
如:May I have some paper? 我可以拿些紙嗎?
Why not give her some flowers? 為什么不給她送些花呢?
表示“也”的副詞also, too, as well通常不用于否定句,而主要用于肯定句或疑問句。
如:誤:I don't like the film too.
誤:I don't also like the film as well.
誤:I don't like the film as well.
正:I don't like the film either. 我也不喜歡這部電影。
注:also和too有時(shí)可用于肯定句后所接的否定句中,表示“沒有也……”。
如: Heleftbutshedidn’talsoleave.他走了,但她沒有也一起走。
He bought a computer, but she didn't too. 他買了臺(tái)電腦,但她沒有也買臺(tái)電腦。
另外,在正式文體中,also, too有時(shí)可用于否定詞之前。
如:I also don't like it. 我也不喜歡它。
I, too, have never met anyone like him.我也是,沒見過和他一樣的人。