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 欄目類別:知識點 >> 高中 >> 英語

強調(diào)句

更新時間:2016/7/20 13:57:00  手機版

  強調(diào)句的概念:

  強調(diào)句 (The Emphatic Pattern) 是一種修辭,是人們?yōu)榱吮磉_自己的意愿或情感而使用的一種形式。通過各種方式對句子中的某個部分進行強調(diào),從而起到修辭的作用。英語常用的強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)有:It is (was)+被強調(diào)部分(主語、賓語或狀語)+that/who...;what…be…句型;

  強調(diào)句的使用:

  一、強調(diào)句句型:

  1、用It is/was...that/who...句型表示強調(diào)。

 。1)陳述句的強調(diào)句型:It is/was+被強調(diào)部分(通常是主語、賓語或狀語)+that/who(當強調(diào)主語且主語指人)+其它部分。

  e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.

 。2)一般疑問句的強調(diào)句型:同上,只是把is/was提到it前面。

  e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?

 。3)特殊疑問句的強調(diào)句型:被強調(diào)部分(通常是疑問代詞或疑問副詞)+is/was+it+that/who+其它部分?

  e.g. When and where was it that you were born?

  注:被強調(diào)的部分(通常是句子的主語、狀語、賓語或賓語補足語)放在is/was的后面,如被強調(diào)的是人,則后面可用who,whom等代替。

  如:原句:He met an old friend in the park yesterday.

  強調(diào)主語:It was he who/that met an old friend in the park yesterday.

  強調(diào)賓語:It was an old friend that/who he met in the park yesterday.

  強調(diào)地點狀語:It was in the park that he met an old friend yesterday.

  強調(diào)時間狀語:It was yesterday that he met an old friend in the park.

  2、用助動詞do, does或did來強調(diào)謂語動詞。

  如:Do come early.

  He did send you a letter last week.

  We're pleased that she does intend to come.

  3、用主語從句+be+被強調(diào)部分,主語從句常用what引導。

  如:What John wants is a ball.

  What Mary does every day is(to) give piano lessons.

  二、not...until...句型的強調(diào)句:

  1、句型為:It is/was not until+被強調(diào)部分+that+其它部分:

  e.g. 普通句:He didn't go to bed until/till his wife came back.

  強調(diào)句:It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.

  2、注意:此句型只用until,不用till。但如果不是強調(diào)句型,till, until可通用;

  因為句型中It is/was not...已經(jīng)是否定句了,that后面的從句要用肯定句,切勿再用否定句了。

  三、謂語動詞的強調(diào):

  1、It is/was...that...結(jié)構(gòu)不能強調(diào)謂語,如果需要強調(diào)謂語時,用助動詞do/does或did。

  e.g. Do sit down.務(wù)必請坐。

  He did write to you last week. 上周他確實給你寫了信。

  Do be careful when you cross the street. 過馬路時,務(wù)必(千萬)要小心。

  2、注意:此種強調(diào)只用do/does和did,沒有別的形式;過去時用did,后面的謂語動詞用原形。

  使用強調(diào)句型有以下幾點請注意:

 、購娬{(diào)句的謂語is或was永遠用單數(shù)。

  如:It was yesterday that I met your father in the street.

 、诓还鼙粡娬{(diào)部分是哪種狀語,只能用that連接,不得使用where、when等連詞。

  如:It was in the street that I met your father yesterday.

 、郾粡娬{(diào)部分為人時,可用who(主格或賓格)和whom(賓格)代替that,用that也行。

  如:It was your father that/whom/who I met in the street yesterday.

  It was I that/who met your father in the street yesterday.

 、軓娬{(diào)句中也要注意主謂一致、人稱一致和否定轉(zhuǎn)移的問題。

  如:It is they who are our friends.

  It was not until ten o'clock that we got home last night.

 、葑⒁獠灰煜龔娬{(diào)句和其他從句。It is/was...that...為強調(diào)句標志,去掉后仍可組成一個完整的句子,只是沒被強調(diào),而其他從句一般不具備這一特征。

  比較:1)It was ten o'clock when we got home last night. 我們昨晚到家時已十點了。

  2)It was at ten o'clock that we got home last night. 我們昨晚是在十點到家的。

  第一句不是強調(diào)句,when不可改為that,因為去掉it was和that后,只能組成“We got home ten o'clock last night.”這樣一個不完整的句子;第二句是強調(diào)句,that不可改為when。

  強調(diào)句型用法拓展:

  1、句首詞用“It”,不能用“This”,“That”等。

  2、be動詞的形式是is或was,不能用復數(shù)形式are或were。若原句的謂語動詞用了現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r,則用is;

  若原句的謂語動詞用了過去時或過去完成時,則用was。

  如:It___the Chinese women that___a great role in the socialist construction.

  A. is; plays

  B. are; play

  C .is; play

  D. are; plays

  答案:C

  3、被強調(diào)的部分如果是代詞,強調(diào)主語用主格,強調(diào)賓語用賓格。

  如:It is him that/who/whom I met in the street yesterday.

  It is I who/that am wrong.

  4、連接詞一般用that,當強調(diào)部分是人時,既可用that也可用who。特別注意當強調(diào)部分是時間狀語或地點狀語時,不能用when或where。

  如:It was on Oct1st, 1949 that People's Republic of China was founded.

  It was at the gate____he told me the news.

  A. that

  B. what

  C. which

  D. when

  答案:A

  5、主謂一致問題被強調(diào)的主語要和that后面的謂語動詞在數(shù)上保持一致。

  如:It is Mary who often _____(help) me with my English. (helps)

  It is I that ____(be) against you. (am)

  6、not...until結(jié)構(gòu)的強調(diào)。

  強調(diào)“not...until”引導的時間狀語時,要用“it is/was not until...that...”結(jié)構(gòu),that后面的句子要用肯定式,且須用陳述句語序。

  如:We did not get off the bus until it stopped. ?

  It was not until it stopped that we got off the bus. (注意:強調(diào)該結(jié)構(gòu)時not until不能分開)

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