there be句型的概念：
英語中的there be結(jié)構(gòu)主要表示某處存在有某物，所以通常被稱為存在句。其中的there為引導(dǎo)詞，無詞義，be為謂語動詞，therebe后面的名詞為句子主語。
therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的否定式和疑問式：
1、否定式：
there be結(jié)構(gòu)的否定式通常應(yīng)將否定詞置于動詞be之后：
如：There is not any bread left. 沒有一點面包了。
There isn't anything I can do for you. 我?guī)筒涣四闶裁疵Α?/p>
若謂語中包括有助動詞或情態(tài)動詞，通常將否定詞置于助動詞與情態(tài)動詞之后：
如：There can't be so many mistakes. 不可能有那么多錯誤。
There shouldn't be any doubt about it. 對此不應(yīng)有什么懷疑。
There haven't been any parties in weeks. 好幾個禮拜沒開過晚會了。
另外注意以下類型的否定式：
如：There doesn't seem to have been any difficulty over the money question. 在錢的問題上似乎沒發(fā)生什么困難。
2、疑問式：
there be結(jié)構(gòu)的疑問式通常應(yīng)將否定詞置于動詞be之后：
如：Is there any good film on? 映什么好電影嗎?
Is there room for me in the car? 車子里還有我坐的地方嗎?
Are there any letters for me? 有我的信嗎?
若謂語中包括有助動詞或情態(tài)動詞，通常將助動詞或情態(tài)動詞移至句首構(gòu)成疑問式：
如：Has there been an accident? 出事了嗎?
Have there been any new developments? 有什么新的發(fā)展嗎?
Can there have been so much rain there？那兒會下過那么多雨嗎？
另外注意以下類型的疑問式：
如：Uncle Jesse, why do there have to be poor people like those? 杰西叔，為什么一定要有他們那樣的窮人?
there be結(jié)構(gòu)的謂語形式：
1、主謂一致問題：
若只有一個主語，謂語的數(shù)則取決于該主語的數(shù)；若有幾個主語并列，則通常是與靠近的主語保持一致：
如：There is a man at the door. 門口有個人。
There are some girls in the room. 房間里有幾個女孩。
There is a pen and some books on the desk. 桌上有一支鋼筆和一些書。
2、時態(tài)問題：
there be結(jié)構(gòu)的時態(tài)由其中的謂語動詞be來體現(xiàn)，它可以有一般現(xiàn)在時、一般將來時、一般過去時、現(xiàn)在完成時以及過去完成時等多種時態(tài)形式：
如：There is going to be[will be] an English film tonight. 今晚將有一場英語電影。
There was a lot to be done. 有很多事要做。
There were some children swimming in the river. 有些小孩在河里游泳。
There have been many such accidents. 已發(fā)生了好幾起那樣的事故。
There had been two seafights between them. 他們之間發(fā)生了兩場海戰(zhàn)。
3、與情態(tài)動詞連用：
there be結(jié)構(gòu)有時可以與情態(tài)動詞連用：
如：There may be a storm tomorrow. 明天可能有風(fēng)暴。
There used to be a hospital here. 原來這里有家醫(yī)院。
He felt there must be something wrong. 他感到準有什么問題。
There might still be hope. 可能還有希望。
There ought to be a comma here. 這兒應(yīng)有一個逗號。
4、動詞be換成其他動詞：
有時可將there be中的動詞：be換為live, remain, seem, appear, exist, stand, lie, come等：
如：Once upon a time there lived a man known by the name of Joe Beef. 從前有個人名叫喬·比夫。
There seems[appears] something the matter with her. 她好像是出了什么事似的。
There existed different opinions on this problem. 對這個問題曾有不同看法。
There remained just twenty-eight pounds. 只剩28英鎊了。
At the top of the hill there stands an old temple. 在小山頂上有一座古廟。
5、與其他動詞搭配使用：
there be結(jié)構(gòu)有時可與其他動詞搭配使用，構(gòu)成一種復(fù)合謂語：
如：There seemed to be nobody about, so I went in. 附近似乎沒有人，因此我就走了進去。
There happened to be a man walking by. 恰好有一個人從旁經(jīng)過。
therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的非謂語形式：
基本結(jié)構(gòu)：there be結(jié)構(gòu)的非謂語形式有兩種基本結(jié)構(gòu)，即there being和there to be：
1、there being結(jié)構(gòu)該結(jié)構(gòu)的主要用法有：
(1)用作狀語：
如：There being nothing else to do, we went home. 由于沒什么其他的事要干，所以我們就回家了。
There having been no rain, the ground was dry. 由于沒有下雨，所以地面很干。
【注】有時可與狀語從句轉(zhuǎn)換：
如：There being no further business(=As there was no further business), I declared the meeting closed. 由于沒有別的事了，我宣布閉會。
(2)用作介詞賓語：
如：There is now some hope of there being a settle ment of the dispute. 現(xiàn)在有點希望可以解決這次爭端。
2、There to be結(jié)構(gòu)該結(jié)構(gòu)的主要用法有：
(1)用作動詞賓語：該結(jié)構(gòu)可用作某些動詞（如like, prefer, hate, want, mean, intend, expect, consider等）的賓語：
如：I don't want there to be any misunderstanding. 我可不希望有任何誤解。
Students hate there to be too much homework. 學(xué)生討厭做太多的家庭作業(yè)。
We expect there to be more discussion about this. 我們期望能對此展開更多的討論。
【注】在let there be結(jié)構(gòu)中，動詞be不帶to：
如：Don't let there be any noise. 不允許有任何吵鬧。
Let there be no mistake about it. 這事不要出錯。
(2)用作介詞for的賓語：
如：They asked for there to be another meeting. 他們要求再開一次會議。
【注】用作介詞賓語一般用there being，但用作介詞for的賓語時，只能用there to be。
比較：They planned on there being another meeting. 他們打算再開一次會議。
They planned for there to be another meeting. 他們打算再開一次會議。
幾個重要句型和結(jié)構(gòu)：
1、There is no doing結(jié)構(gòu)：
其意為“不可能…”、“無法…”：
如：There's no denying the fact. 這一事實不容否認。
There is no getting over the difficulty. 這困難無法克服。
There is no knowing what he will do next. 無法知道他下一步要干什么。
There was no telling when she would be back. 沒法知道她什么時候回來。
2、There is no difficulty in doing sth結(jié)構(gòu)：
意為“做某事沒有困難”：
如：There is no difficulty in finding his office. 找到了他的辦公室沒費一點勁。
There was no difficulty in carrying out the plan. 執(zhí)行這項計劃沒什么困難。
3、There's no doubt…結(jié)構(gòu)：
意為“毫無疑問…”：
如：There is no doubt of his success. 毫無疑問他一定會成功。
There could be no doubt that he was one of the best writer in this country. 毫無疑問他是這個國家最優(yōu)秀的作家之一。
4、There is no hurry(to do sth)句式：
其意為“不用急(于做某事)”：
如：There's no hurry to return the book. 現(xiàn)在不急于還書。
There's no hurry, so do it slowly and carefully. 不用趕時間，要慢慢細心地做。
5、There's no need for…結(jié)構(gòu)：
其意為“不需要或不必要…”：
如：There is no need for help. 不需要幫助。
There is no need for you to go. 你沒有必要去。
6、There is no question about...結(jié)構(gòu)：
其意為“…是毫無疑問的”：
如：There's no question about his success. 毫無疑問他會成功。
There's no question about his honesty. 毫無疑問他是誠實的。
7、There is no question of doing sth句式：
其意為“做某事是不可能的”：
如：There is no question of his coming. 他不可能會來。
There is no question of our arriving on time. 我們不可能準時趕到。
8、There is no sense in doing sth結(jié)構(gòu)：
意為“做某事沒有道理或好處”：
如：There's no sense in criticizing him. 批評他也沒有用。
There's no sense in waiting three hours. 等三小時是不沒有道理的。
9、There's no point in doing sth句式：
意為“做某事沒有用”：
如：There's no point(in) telling her about it. 告訴她沒有用。
如：There's no point in wasting time. 耗時間沒用。
【注】以上有的結(jié)構(gòu)中的no根據(jù)情況也可換成其他限定詞：
如：There is some difficulty in doing sth 意為“做某事有些困難”。
There is much difficulty in doing sth 意為“做某事許多困難”。
There's a need for… 意為“需要或有必要…”。
10、“there be＋名詞＋動詞”結(jié)構(gòu)：
（1）there be+賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動關(guān)系，同時表示動作正在進行：
如：There is some one waiting for him. 有人在等他。
There was a man standing in front of me. 我前面站著一個男人。
There were some children swimming in the river. 有些小孩在河里游泳。
There were a group of young people working in the fields. 有一群青年在地里勞動。
有時現(xiàn)在分詞可表示一種狀態(tài)：
如：There's a piano standing against the wall. 靠墻有一架鋼琴。
There're a lot of difficulties facing us. 我們面前有很多困難。
There is a door leading to the garden. 有一座門通往花園。
有個別現(xiàn)在分詞用于該結(jié)構(gòu)時可以表示將來(正如它們可用進行時表示將來一樣)：
如：There are ten people coming to dinner. 有10個人來吃晚飯。
�。�2）there be+賓語+過去分詞過去分詞表示一種被動關(guān)系，同時表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生：
如：There is nothing written on it. 上面沒寫東西。
There were ten people killed in the accident. 事故中有10人喪生。有時過去分詞也可表示一種狀態(tài)(可轉(zhuǎn)換成被動結(jié)構(gòu))：
There were some old men seated(=who were seated)in the back. 有些老人坐在后面。
There is a red car parked(=which is parked)outside the house. 房子外邊停著一輛紅色汽車。
�。�3）therebe+賓語+不定式不定式通常表示動作尚未發(fā)生：
如：There was nobody to look after the child. 沒有人照顧這孩子。
There was a large crowd to send him off. 有一大群人要來給他送行。
There was so much to lose that we couldn't take any risks. 可能會有很大的損失，因此我們不能冒險。
【注】當(dāng)其中的賓語與其后的不定式為被動關(guān)系時，可用主動表被動，也可用被動式：
如：There is much work to do[to be done]. 有許多工作要做。有時其中的不定式為系表結(jié)構(gòu)：
There is nothing to be afraid of. 沒什么可怕的。
What was there to be afraid of. 有什么可怕的?
There's nothing to be ashamed of. 沒有什么值得羞愧的。